Hara Mangrove Forest — Iran

UPSC Relevance: World Geography | Environment

Why in News?

The Hara mangrove ecosystem in Iran faced an oil-spill threat in the Persian Gulf in 2026.

Location

  • Southern Iran

  • Around Qeshm Island

  • Khuran Strait

  • Persian Gulf

  • Near the Strait of Hormuz

Vegetation

Dominant species:

Avicennia marina

Common name:

Grey mangrove

Adaptation

Mangroves survive saline conditions through mechanisms involving:

  • Salt filtration

  • Salt exclusion

  • Specialized roots

  • Water conservation

Ecological Importance

Hara mangroves:

  • Protect coastlines

  • Reduce erosion

  • Act as fish nurseries

  • Support crustaceans

  • Support migratory birds

  • Store carbon

  • Support local livelihoods

The Hara ecosystem is associated with a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

UPSC Key Pointers

Hara → Iran → Qeshm Island → Persian Gulf → Avicennia marina

Prelims Trap: Hara Mangrove Forest is not in India.