Wajid Ali Shah

Category: Indian History — Modern India and Cultural Heritage

Wajid Ali Shah was the last Nawab of Awadh before the British annexation of the kingdom in 1856. He was also a patron of music, dance, poetry and theatre.

Key facts

  • Reign: 1847–1856.

  • Capital: Lucknow.

  • He belonged to the Nawab dynasty that ruled Awadh.

  • The British East India Company annexed Awadh in 1856, citing alleged misgovernment.

  • After annexation, Wajid Ali Shah was sent to Calcutta, where he lived in the Metiabruz area.

  • He supported cultural traditions associated with Kathak, thumri, poetry and courtly performance.

Historical significance

  • The annexation of Awadh contributed to resentment against British rule.

  • The displacement of the Nawab affected the political and social order of Awadh.

  • Awadh became an important centre of resistance during the Revolt of 1857.

UPSC key pointers

  • Wajid Ali Shah was the last Nawab of Awadh.

  • Awadh was annexed in 1856, one year before the Revolt of 1857.

  • The British cited alleged misgovernment rather than applying the Doctrine of Lapse.

  • Lucknow was a major centre of the 1857 uprising.