India tests Vayu Astra‑1 loitering munition (100 km range)

What: NIBE Limited announced successful trials of Vayu Astra‑1 loitering munition (LM) with 100 km range at Pokhran and Joshimath under No‑Cost, No‑Commitment (NCNC) model; developed with Elbit Systems collaboration.

Significance:

• Tactical capability: Long‑range loitering munitions enhance precision strike and ISR‑strike integration.

• Procurement model: NCNC trials showcase private sector’s role and risk‑sharing in defence evaluation.

UPSC relevance: Defence procurement, UAV/UCAV technology, India–Israel defence collaboration.

Practice Q: Analyse pros and cons of NCNC trials and private sector‑led defence demonstrations for India’s acquisition process.