International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA)

International Relations • US Economic Law

Key Pointers

  • US federal law enacted in 1977.

  • Allows the US President to exercise certain economic powers during a declared national emergency.

  • Used to impose economic sanctions and regulate international economic transactions.

  • Requires a national emergency declaration under the National Emergencies Act.

  • Relevant to:

    • Trade restrictions.

    • Economic sanctions.

    • Financial transactions.

    • Foreign policy.

  • IEEPA has been central to legal and political debates over US tariffs and executive authority.

UPSC Mains Angle

  • Executive power versus legislative oversight.

  • Global trade uncertainty.

  • Economic sanctions as foreign policy instruments.

  • Impact of US trade measures on India.