Phytoplankton and Climate Change — Mains Pointers

  • Phytoplankton absorb CO₂ through photosynthesis.

  • They are a major component of the ocean biological carbon pump.

  • Changes in ocean temperature and nutrient availability affect phytoplankton distribution.

  • Harmful algal blooms may affect fisheries and public health.

  • Ocean acidification and marine heatwaves influence phytoplankton ecosystems.